Formula
Square: plants = area ÷ (spacing in feet)². Triangular: plants = area ÷ (spacing² × 0.866). Example: 32 sq ft at 12 in spacing, square layout = 32 plants; triangular = about 37.
Notes
Spacing tables vary by variety and by source — use this as a planning number, then check the seed packet or local extension table for your variety. Leave paths for access; a bed you cannot reach will not be harvested.